Name: 1-Dodecanol
CAS Number: 112-53-8
UN Number: 3077
Formulae: C12H26O
Name: 1-Dodecanol
CAS Number: 112-53-8
UN Number: 3077
Formulae: C12H26O
Physicochemical properties/Characteristics
-
Fp
Physical behaviour (GESAMP, 2016)
1, 2 -
186.339
Molecular Weight
2
(g/mol) -
0.83
Density
2
(kg/L) -
0.0001
Vapour pressure
2
(KPa; 25ºC) -
4
Water solubility
2
(mg/L; 25ºC) -
18.8
Dynamic viscosity
2, 3
(mPa.s; 20ºC) -
24.0
Melting point (ºC)
2 -
259.0
Boiling point (ºC)
2 -
123.4
Volatilization half-life (days)
4
- G: gas; D: dissolver; E: evaporator; F: floater; S: sinker; GD: gas/dissolver; DE: dissolver/evaporator; FD: floater/dissolver; FE: floater/evaporator; FED: floater/evaporator/dissolver; Fp: persistent floater; SD: sinker/dissolver
- Values collected from the literature and public databases e.g. PubChem
- “-“ corresponds to values not found
- Values estimated with models of the EPI suiteTM
Fugacity/Persistence
-
0.34
Air
4, 5 -
97.90
Water
4, 5 -
0.05
Soil
4, 5 -
1.67
Sediment
4, 5 -
13.6
Persistence (days)
4
- Values estimated with models of the EPI suiteTM
- In the present study, only emissions in water were considered
Physicochemical degradation/Biodegradation
-
7.1
Atmosferic Oxidation (hours)
4 -
R
Biodegradation rate (GESAMP, 2016)
6, 7 -
0.95
Aerobic biodegradation probability
4 -
3.98 days
Primary aerobic biodegradation half-life
4, 8 -
3.25 weeks
Ultimate aerobic biodegradation half-life
4, 8 -
-
Hydrocarbon Biodegradation half-life (days)
3, 4 -
0.86
Anaerobic Biodegradation probability
4
- “-“ corresponds to values not found
- Values estimated with models of the EPI suiteTM
- Results obtained from the literature
- GESAMP criteria consider substances to be “readily biodegradable” (R) if, in 28-day biodegradation studies, the following levels of degradation are achieved: in tests based upon dissolved organic carbon (DOC) die-away: ≥ 70%; or in tests based upon oxygen depletion or carbon dioxide generation: ≥ 60% of the theoretical maxima; or where only chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) data are available, the ratio of BOD5/COD ≥ 0.5; or where other convincing scientific evidence is available to demonstrate that the substance can be degraded (biotically and/or abiotically) in the aquatic environment to a level of > 70% within a 28-day period. Otherwise they are “not readily biodegradable” (NR) (GESAMP, 2014).
- See Table 1 in the supplementary material for more information on the rating reported by Boethling et al. (1994)
Bioaccumulation/Biotransformation
-
1.11
Biotransformation half-life (days)
2 -
5.13
Partition coefficient (log Kow)
2 -
441.5
Bioconcentration factor (BFC)
4 -
2
Bioaccumulation rate (GESAMP, 2016)
9 -
3.17
Adsorption coefficient (log koc)
2
- Values collected from the literature and public databases e.g. PubChem
- Values estimated with models of the EPI suiteTM
- See Table 2 in the supplementary material for more information on Bioaccumulation rate classification (GESAMP, 2014)
Aquatic Toxicity
-
4
Acute toxicity (GESAMP, 2016)
10 -
1
Chronic toxicity (GESAMP, 2016)
3, 10
- “-“ corresponds to values not found
- See Table 3 in the supplementary material for more information on Aquatic Toxicity classification (GESAMP, 2014)
Acute Mammals/Human health effects
-
0
Oral Toxicity (GESAMP, 2016)
11 -
0
Dermal toxicity (GESAMP, 2016)
11 -
1
Inhalation toxicity (GESAMP, 2016)
11 -
1
Skin irritation & corrosion (GESAMP, 2016)
11 -
1
Eye irritation & corrosion (GESAMP, 2016)
11 -
0
Toxicity
12 -
0
Severity
12
- See Table 4 in the supplementary material for more information on Human health (Toxic effects to mammals) classification (GESAMP, 2014)
- For more information on Toxicity and Severity scores consult Harold et al. (2014)
Chronic Human/Mammals health effects
-
-
Carcinogenicity (IARC)
3, 13 -
No
Mutagenicity (GESAMP, 2016)
11 -
No
Reprotoxicity (GESAMP, 2016)
11 -
No
Sensitizing to skin (GESAMP, 2016)
11 -
No
Aspiration hazard (GESAMP, 2016)
11 -
No
Target Organ Toxicity (GESAMP, 2016)
11 -
No
Sensitizing to respiratory system (GESAMP, 2016)
11 -
No
Neurotoxicity (GESAMP, 2016)
11 -
No
Immunotoxicity (GESAMP, 2016)
11
- “-“ corresponds to values not found
- See Table 4 in the supplementary material for more information on Human health (Toxic effects to mammals) classification (GESAMP, 2014)
- See Table 5 in the supplementary material for more information on IARC classification
Toxicity tests results
PNECseawater:
7.3 µg/L
PNECwater, intermittent:
9 µg/L
Algae
-
EC50
Parameter
1 -
0.97
Concentration
(mg/L) -
Green algae - Senedesmus subspicatus
Species
-
Growth inhibition
Endpoint
-
Freshwater; 96h-exposure
Observations
1
-
EC10
Parameter
1 -
0.73
Concentration
(mg/L) -
Green algae - Senedesmus subspicatus
Species
-
Growth inhibition
Endpoint
-
Freshwater; 96h-exposure
Observations
2
Lowest
- OECD/SIDS - 1-dodecanol. UNEP Publications. Available at: http://webnet.oecd.org/Hpv/UI/handler.axd?id=f19767ea-a6c2-4300-8763-038aa7dd0037 (accessed January 30, 2017)
Invertebrates
-
EC50
Parameter
1 -
0.81
Concentration
(mg/L) -
Rotifer - Brachionus calyciflorus
Species
-
Decreased distance moved, change in direct movement
Endpoint
-
Freshwater; Static; 48h-exposure; < 3d age (Cyst)
Observations
3
-
EC50
Parameter
2 -
320
Concentration
(mg/L) -
Water flea - Daphnia magna
Species
-
Intoxication; immobilization
Endpoint
-
Freshwater; 48h-exposure
Observations
4
-
LC50
Parameter
3 -
0.9
Concentration
(mg/L) -
Harpacticoid copepod - Nitocra spinipes
Species
-
Mortality
Endpoint
-
Saltwater; Static; 21 ºC; 96h-exposure; Adult(s)
Observations
5
Lowest
-
LD50
Parameter
4 -
1360
Concentration
(mg/L) -
Yellow fever mosquito - Aedes aegypti
Species
-
Mortality
Endpoint
-
Flow through; 72h-exposure; Eggs
Observations
6
-
LD50
Parameter
4 -
1360
Concentration
(mg/L) -
Mosquito - Aedes scutellaris
Species
-
Mortality
Endpoint
-
Flow through; 72h-exposure; Eggs
Observations
7
-
NOEC
Parameter
2 -
1.0
Concentration
(mg/L) -
Water flea - Daphnia magna
Species
-
Reproduction
Endpoint
-
Freshwater; 21d life-cycle test
Observations
8
- Versteeg DJ et al; Environ Toxicol Chem 16 (5): 1051-1058 (1997) as cited in the ECOTOX database. Available at: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/quick_query.htm (accessed January 16, 2017)
- OECD/SIDS - 1-dodecanol. UNEP Publications. Available at: http://webnet.oecd.org/Hpv/UI/handler.axd?id=f19767ea-a6c2-4300-8763-038aa7dd0037 (accessed January 30, 2017)
- Linden E et al; Chemosphere 8 (11/12): 843-851 (1979) as cited in the ECOTOX database. Available at: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/quick_query.htm (accessed January 16, 2017)
- Verschueren K; Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals. Volumes 1-2. 4th ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY. (2001)
Fish
-
LC50
Parameter
1 -
1.01
Concentration
(mg/L) -
Fathead minnow - Pimephales promelas
Species
-
Mortality
Endpoint
-
Freshwater; Flow through; 25 ºC; 96h-exposure
Observations
9
- Veith GD et al; ASTM Spec Tech Publ: 90-97 as cited in the ECOTOX database. Available at: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/quick_query.htm (accessed January 17, 2017)
Mammals
-
LD50
Parameter
1 -
800
Concentration
(mg/kg) -
Rat
Species
-
Mortality
Endpoint
-
Acute; intraperitoneal
Observations
10
-
LD50
Parameter
2 -
12800
Concentration
(mg/kg) -
Rat
Species
-
Mortality
Endpoint
-
Acute; oral
Observations
11
- Sax NI; Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 6th ed. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, NY. (1984)
- Lewis RJ Sr; Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th ed. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ. (2004)
References
Boethling RS, Howard PH, Meylan W, Stiteler W, Beauman J, Tirado N. 1994. Group contribution method for predicting probability and rate of aerobic biodegradation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 28: 459-465.
Bonn Agreement, 1994. European Classification System, Bonn Agreement: Counter-Pollution Manual. Bonn Agreement, London (Chapter 25).
GESAMP (IMO/FAO/UNESCO-IOC/WMO/WHO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection), 2014. Revised GESAMP Hazard Evaluation Procedure for Chemical Substances Carried by Ships, 2nd edition. Rep. Stud. GESAMP No. 64, 126 pp.
GESAMP Composite List, 2016. ANNEX 5 – UPDATED GESAMP COMPOSITE LIST. Available at: https://edocs.imo.org/Final Documents/English/PPR 1-CIRC.3 (E).docx (Accessed: December 12, 2016).
Harold PD, Souza AS, Louchart P, Russell D, Brunt H, 2014. Development of a risk based prioritisation methodology to inform public health emergency planning and preparedness in case of accidental spill at sea of hazardous and noxious substances (HNS). Environ. Int. 72: 157-163.